SPECIFIC MEDICAL TESTS PUBLISHED IN THE LITERATURE
FOR OSHA REGULATED SUBSTANCES

Lead, inorganic

CAS No: 7439-92-1

NOTE:
(1) Efficacy of Medical Tests has not been evaluated.
(2) NIOSH references include diagnostic, screening, and other tests.
(3) OSHA mandated medical tests are provided in BOLD and listed first.

EDITOR(S) / AUTHOR(S)
SPECIFIC MEDICAL TEST(S)
ANALYTIC METHOD(S)
PAGE NUMBER(S)
REFERENCES

US DOL OSHA

Blood Lead

Code of Federal Regulations. 29 CFR Part 1910, Air Contaminants. US GPO. July 1, 1996.

US DOL OSHA

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Code of Federal Regulations. 29 CFR Part 1910, Air Contaminants. US GPO. July 1, 1996.

US DOL OSHA

Hemoglobin

Code of Federal Regulations. 29 CFR Part 1910, Air Contaminants. US GPO. July 1, 1996.

US DOL OSHA

Serum Creatinine

Code of Federal Regulations. 29 CFR Part 1910, Air Contaminants. US GPO. July 1, 1996.

US DOL OSHA

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Code of Federal Regulations. 29 CFR Part 1910, Air Contaminants. US GPO. July 1, 1996.

US DOL OSHA

Zinc Protoporphyrin

Code of Federal Regulations. 29 CFR Part 1910, Air Contaminants. US GPO. July 1, 1996.

Baselt RC

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring Methods for Industrial Chemicals. 2nd Edition. Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc. 1988.

Lauwerys RR, Hoet P

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

Industrial Chemical Exposure. Guidelines for Biological Monitoring. 2nd Edition. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Inc. 1993.

Kneip TJ, Crable JV

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

Methods for Biological Monitoring - A Manual for Assessing Human Exposure to Hazardous Substances. Am Public Health Association. 1988.

ACGIH

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

1996 Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH Worldwide. 1996.

Atio A et al.

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring and Surveillance of Workers Exposed to Chemicals. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation. 1984.

Clarkson TW et al.

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring of Toxic Metals. Plenum Publishing Corporation. 1988.

LaDou J

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

Occupational Medicine. Appleton and Lange. 1990.

Hathaway GJ et al.

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 4th Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Publishers. 1996.

US DHHS NIOSH

Whole Blood (chemical/metabolite)

NIOSH Manual Of Analytic Methods. 4th Edition. NIOSH Pub No. 94-113. 1994.

US DHHS NIOSH and US DOL OSHA

Blood Lead

NIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Pub Nos. 81-123; 88-118, Suppls. I-IV. 1981-1995.

Proctor NH, Hughes JP

Blood Lead

Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. JB Lippincott Company. 1978.

Dillon HK, Ho MH

Blood Lead

Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Chemicals. Metals. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1991.

Hathaway GJ et al.

Blood Lead

Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 4th Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Publishers. 1996.

Fiserova-Bergerova V, Vlach J

Blood Lead

Timing of sample collection for biological monitoring of occupational exposure. Ann Occup Hyg 41(3):345-353, 1997.

Kneip TJ, Crable JV

Biologic Tissue/Biopsy

Methods for Biological Monitoring - A Manual for Assessing Human Exposure to Hazardous Substances. Am Public Health Association. 1988.

US DHHS NIOSH and US DOL OSHA

Complete Blood Count

NIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Pub Nos. 81-123; 88-118, Suppls. I-IV. 1981-1995.

Proctor NH, Hughes JP

Complete Blood Count

Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. JB Lippincott Company. 1978.

US DHHS NIOSH and US DOL OSHA

Red Blood Cells

NIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Pub Nos. 81-123; 88-118, Suppls. I-IV. 1981-1995.

Lauwerys RR, Hoet P

Red Blood Cells

Industrial Chemical Exposure. Guidelines for Biological Monitoring. 2nd Edition. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Inc. 1993.

US DHHS NIOSH and US DOL OSHA

Red Blood Cells Zinc Protoporphyrin

NIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Pub Nos. 81-123; 88-118, Suppls. I-IV. 1981-1995.

Baselt RC

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring Methods for Industrial Chemicals. 2nd Edition. Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc. 1988.

Linch AL

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring for Industrial Chemical Exposure Control. CRC Press. 1974.

Lauwerys RR, Hoet P

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Industrial Chemical Exposure. Guidelines for Biological Monitoring. 2nd Edition. Lewis Publishers. CRC Press, Inc. 1993.

Kneip TJ, Crable JV

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Methods for Biological Monitoring - A Manual for Assessing Human Exposure to Hazardous Substances. Am Public Health Association. 1988.

ACGIH

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

1996 Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH Worldwide. 1996.

Atio A et al.

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring and Surveillance of Workers Exposed to Chemicals. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation. 1984.

Clarkson TW et al.

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring of Toxic Metals. Plenum Publishing Corporation. 1988.

Dillon HK, Ho MH

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Chemicals. Metals. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1991.

LaDou J

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Occupational Medicine. Appleton and Lange. 1990.

Hathaway GJ et al.

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 4th Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Publishers. 1996.

US DHHS NIOSH

Urine (chemical/metabolite)

NIOSH Manual Of Analytic Methods. 4th Edition. NIOSH Pub No. 94-113. 1994.

US DHHS NIOSH

Urine (chemical/metabolite) End-Of-Shift

NIOSH Manual Of Analytic Methods. 4th Edition. NIOSH Pub No. 94-113. 1994.

Proctor NH, Hughes JP

Urinalysis (routine)

Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. JB Lippincott Company. 1978.

US DHHS NIOSH and US DOL OSHA

Zinc Protoporphyrin

NIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Pub Nos. 81-123; 88-118, Suppls. I-IV. 1981-1995.

Clarkson TW et al.

Zinc Protoporphyrin

Biological Monitoring of Toxic Metals. Plenum Publishing Corporation. 1988.

US DHHS NIOSH and US DOL OSHA

Zinc Protoporphyrin After 1 month exposure

NIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Pub Nos. 81-123; 88-118, Suppls. I-IV. 1981-1995.

ACGIH

Zinc Protoporphyrin After 1 month exposure

1996 Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. ACGIH Worldwide. 1996.

LaDou J

Zinc Protoporphyrin After 1 month exposure

Occupational Medicine. Appleton and Lange. 1990.

Hathaway GJ et al.

Zinc Protoporphyrin After 1 month exposure

Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 4th Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Publishers. 1996.